“陪审”一词的西来与中译

陪审、陪审员等不是中文固有词汇,而是西学东渐背景下之舶来品。这一组词汇的中文翻译和定型差不多纵贯整个十九世纪,历经中译名混乱的知识性介绍时期——中国知识精英向外寻求真理的中译名模仿时期——推进政制改革的中译名定型时期——《会审章程》和立宪修律中译名进入法案成为法定名等四个过程。陪审制作为一项司法审判制度在清末修律中试图加以移植,可能借鉴了日本的某种经验,但陪审、陪审员作为一组中文译名并非经日本转手才进入中国,它们在中国的翻译和定型应主要归功于以上海公廨为载体的域外法律制度的位移、来华外籍人士和传教士的传播西法西制的努力和本土有识之士的推动。

Western Meaning and Chinese Translation of the Word Jury

Jury and Juror are not inherent in China, but foreign words in the propagation of western learning towards the east. The interpretation of these terms was almost through the whole nineteenth century, it went through four processes: Firstly, confusing translation in primitive introduction. Secondly, imitational translation in seeking verum launched by Chinese elites. Thirdly, fixed translation in enhancing the political and institutional reform. Lastly, becoming legal terms in Pidgin Regulations on joint tri...