有价证券诈骗罪的疑难问题探讨

刑法第197条的伪造、变造的有价证券,仅指伪造、变造的国家发行的债券等资本证券,包括国家发行的彩票;伪造、变造的无客观对应的国家有价证券,属于伪造、变造的国家有价证券;“使用”是指按照有价证券的功能,将伪造、变造的国家有价证券作为真实有效的有价证券行使的行为;“使用”必须具有欺骗性质,将伪造的、变造的国家有价证券出售给知情的对方的,成立倒卖伪造的有价票证罪;金融机构工作人员使用伪造、变造的国家有价证券兑换现金的,应分清不同情形处理;一般主体与金融机构工作人员相勾结使用伪造、变造的国家有价证券,在无受骗者的情况下,应认定为贪污罪或职务侵占罪的共犯。

Exploration of the Difficult and Complicated Issues Concerning the Crime of Negotiable Security Fraud

The forged or altered negotiable securities stipulated in the Article 197 of the PRC Criminal Law narrowly refers to the asset-backed securities issued by the State,"Using" refers to the act of utilizing the forged or altered negotiable securities as real and valid ones pursuant to their functions."Using" shall bear the characteristics of fraud.Under circumstances that an offender sells the forged or altered negotiable securities to the relevant party who clearly knows the truth,he shall be sentenced to commit the crime of scalping counterfeit negotiable securities other than the crime of negotiable securities fraud.Any employee of financial institutions who,uses the forged or altered negotiable securities to exchange currencies,shall be sentenced to different crimes in accordance with different circumstances.Under circumstances that no relevant party is deceived,any offender bearing no certain identity prescribed by the criminal law who,colludes with employees of financial institutions to use the forged or altered negotiable securities,shall be regarded as a joint offender of the crime of embezzlement or crime of functionary misappropriation.