试论公民良好环境权的公法确认

公民的良好环境权已逐渐被国际公认为第三代人权,是指公民享有在维持其个体尊严和基本生活品质所必需的安全、健康、舒适和富有美感的公共环境中生活的权利。在公法上确认公民的良好环境权既是必要的,也是可能的,具体方式应是先在宪法中确认公民享有良好环境权,而后在环保基本法和各单行法律法规中规定重要的实体权利和程序权利,并通过行政诉讼、行政补偿等制度对受到损害的良好环境权予以有效的公法救济。

On Confirmation of Citizen's Right to Favorable Environment in Public Law

The citizen's right to favorable environment is regarded as the third - generation human rights. It means that a citizen can enjoy the right of living in a safe, healthy, comfortable and beautiful environment in which individual dignity can be maintained and life quality can be achieved. It is necessary and possible to confirm the citizen' s right to favorable environment in public law. First, we shall confirm it in constitution, then prescribe important substantive rights and procedural rights in basic environmental laws and special regulations and provide remedies through system of administrative litigation and administrative compensation.