环境犯罪被害人的基本特征和被害预防责任的归属

环境犯罪被害是一类新型特殊的被害。与传统被害人比较它有自身特有特征:被害对象的特殊性和复杂性,被害原因行为价值判断的似是而非性,被害的间接性、累积性、不可逆性以及空间广延性,被害的国际间弱势转移性,等等。鉴于此,国家应承担首要的环境犯罪被害预防责任。就现代中国而言,国家预防责任的实现以宪法确立公民环境权为转折点。

The Basic Disposition of the Victim Caused by the Environmental Crime and the Protection Liability for the Victim

Environmental crime belongs in a sort of new violation to the law which causes damage to the victim, which is characteristic of its own disposition quite different from other crimes viewed from the usual understanding of violation of the law.It is the country that shall assume the relevant material responsibility.In the present status quo of China,the substantializatin of protection liability of the environmental rights for the citizens bestowed by the constitution is taken as a turning point.