“十四五”农村就业创业的战略思路与政策

“十三五”末期,内外部环境复杂多变、经济下行压力不断增加,不可避免地冲击着农村地区就业创业市场的稳定发展。为应对就业压力,“十四五”规划应将“稳就业、促创业”作为促进农村就业创业发展的基本方向,以保障农业生产安全、实现乡村振兴和全面建成小康社会为重点目标,按照“充分发挥第一产业就业‘稳定器’作用,提升农村二、三产业就业吸纳能力,增强农村创业环境吸引力,稳定农民工就业"的总体思路,全面推进农村地区实现高质量的就业创业新局面。为支撑“十四五”农村就业创业高质量发展,应将提高农村公共就业服务能力、完善农村创业政策体系、促进农村产业多样化以及吸引优秀人才、社会资本下乡等作为政策着力点,让农村地区成为全国新增就业的“蓄水池”。

Research on the Strategic Thinking and Countermeasures of Rural Employment and Entrepreneurship in the "14th Five-Year Plan" Period

At the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, environment at home and abrnad was complex and changeable, and the downwardpvessure on the economy continued to inerease,which inevitably affected the stable development of the employment and enteprencurship market inrural areas. To cope with employment pressure, the "14th Five-Year Plan" should take "stabilizing employment and promoting enteprencurship" asthe basic direction for promoting the rural employment and entrepreneurship development, with the ultimate goal of ensuring agricultural productionsafety, realizing rural revitalization and building a well-off socicty in an all-round way. In accordance with the overall idea of "giving full playto the role of the ''stabilizer'' of employment in the primary industry, improving the employment absorption capacity of the secondary and tertiaryindustries in rural areas, enhancing the attractiveness of the rural entreprencurial environment and stabilizing the employment of migrant workers",we should comprchensively promote the realization of high-quality employment and entrepreneurship in rural areas. To support the high-qualitydevelopment of rural employment and entrepreneurship during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, policies should focus on aspects of improving ruralpublic employment service capabilities, improving rural entrepreneurship policy systems, promoting the diversification of rural industries, attractingoutstanding talents, and social capital going to the countryside. Thus, rural areas will become the "reservoir" of new jobs nationwide.