略论中国非政府组织的发展和管理

在中国,一般把非政府组织称为民间组织,具体分为社会团体、民办非企业单位和基金会三大类。我国的非政府组织在社会主义和谐社会的构建中,发挥着畅通诉求渠道、维护社会稳定,构建“社会性团结”、增强社会凝聚力,扩大公民有序参与、推进社会主义民主建设,承接无偿或低偿服务、促进公共服务专业化,塑造公益文化、推动社会主义精神文明建设等独特作用。由于目前中国的非政府组织存在着“培育和发展不够”、“准政府组织”、“营利化倾向”、“管理缺位”等诸多问题,产生的原因也十分复杂,因此必须从战略高度看待非政府组织的发展和管理,为非政府组织发展创造良好的制度环境,推动非政府组织的能力建设,加快政府职能转变与管理创新,重新定位非政府组织管理部门,以促进非政府组织健康成长。

Brief Analysis of Development and Management of NGOs

In China, NGOs are generally called folk organizations, which are sorted into three types: social organizations, private non-enterprise organizations and foundations. Chinese NGOs play special roles in the construction of a harmonious socialist society, such as keeping expedite passage for complaints and appeals, maintaining social stability, improving social coherence, etc. However there exist quite a number of problems, for example, lack of satisfactory development, acting as para-governmental organizations, and tendency to make profits, the causes of which are complicated. Hence, it is necessary to strategically develop and manage NGOs, make systematic environments benign for NGOs to develop, help improve NGOs' capabilities, speed up the transition of governmental functions and innovate managerial modes, and re-appoint proper organs to administrate NGOs so as to promote NGOs to develop in a healthy way.