论我国非法证据排除程序

《关于办理刑事案件排除非法证据若干问题的规定》中对于检察机关非法证据排除权限的规定是适当的。我国审判阶段的非法证据排除程序应当被设定为一个相对独立的程序。被告人及其辩护人对非法证据承担一定举证责任,以避免被告人任意提起非法证据排除程序。被告人及其辩护人只承担提供证据责任,提供的证据使法官对证据的合法性产生合理怀疑即可。而控诉方应当对证据的合法性承担说服责任,证明标准要达到排除合理怀疑的程度。当控诉方未能证明其证据为合法所得或证明未达到证明标准时,法官应当推定该证据系非法手段所得,并依据非法证据排除规则将该证据予以排除。从我国刑事诉讼的发展趋势来看,应当赋予被告方就非法证据排除问题独立地向上一级法院提起上诉的权利。非法证据排除规则的全面有效实施,还需要相关制度予以配合。

On the Procedures of Excluding Illegal Evidence in China

Provisions on Some Issues Concerning the Exclusion of Illegal Evidence While Handling Criminal Cases have appropriate stipulations on the jurisdictions of procuratorial organs concerning the exclusion of illegal evidence.The procedures of excluding illegal evidence at adjudication stages should be relevantly independent.Both the defendant and defender share certain burden of proof about illegal evidence in case the defendant might use procedures of excluding illegal evidence arbitrarily.Both the defendant and the defender should provide the proof which brings about judges＇ reasonable doubts about the legitimacy of the evidence.The complainant should bear the burden of persuasion in order to exclude reasonable doubts.If the complainant can not prove that the evidence is legally gained nor can he meet the criterion of proof,this evidence can be judged as illegally gained and should be excluded.In view of the advancement of criminal action in China,the complainant should be empowered the right to appeal to the court of the next higher level concerning the exclusion of illegal evidence.Relevant rules are necessary for the full and effective execution of exclusion rule of illegal evidence.