民事法律行为范畴的守成与完善

在目前我国不少权威性民法学理论著作中,民事法律行为颇受非议,或干脆被废止不用。罗马法体系中由于民法地位显赫,以致民法与罗马法同义、与法学同称,在《德国民法典》中创造发明并直接使用法律行为概念,有其历史缘由与合理性。而在我国,民事法律行为业已成为法律行为在民商法领域中的重要类型化成果,不应当将其恢复到德日民法中的法律行为并与我国法理学中的法律行为概念相混淆,似应在坚守民事法律行为成果及其科学特色的基础上,对其来源于前苏联民法理论学术争议中的"法律行为必须合法"的这一不合理因素进行剔除,并使之改进发展为更加科学合理且具中国民商法理论特色的民事法律行为制度。

On Maintaining and Perfecting the Conception of Civil Juristic Acts

In many civil law jurisprudential masterworks, civil juristic acts are under great controversy and some scholars even choose to repeal the conception. With regards to the eminent status of civil law in Ro- man law system, civil law barely equaled to Roman law and Jurisprudence. Juristic acts are created and ap- plied directly in German Civil Law, being compatible to their historic origin and reasonable. However in our country, civil juristic acts represent an important categorized accomplishment of juristic acts in civil and com- mercial laws. It is suggested not to restore civil juristic acts back to juristic acts as applied in German and Jap- anese civil laws, because such restoration would result in confusion with the term of juristic acts used in juris- prudence of our country. Thus, the conception of civil juristic acts should be maintained, but an unreasonable factor that ＂juristic acts must be legitimate＂ should be eliminated, which remained a controversial statement in academia of Soviet Union. The civil juristic acts should be perfected more scientifically and reasonably with Chinese characteristics in civil and commercial law theories.