驳泛叙述者论

很多当代叙事学家都认为所有的虚构叙事都有一个不同于作者的虚构叙述者。这一观点被称为“泛叙述者论”。本文以充分的理由驳斥了这一观点，同时指出那些看似支持这一观点的重要论据是根本站不住脚的。在简要介绍小说理论的基础上，文章认为，无论从理论还是从实践角度来说，都没有必要为每个虚构叙事假定一个虚构叙述者。

Against Pan-narrator Theories

Most narratologists today maintain that all fictional narratives have a fictional narrator that is to be distinguished from its author. Call this a “pan-narrator theory” (PN). In this essay, we argue that there are good reasons against this position, while important arguments that seem to speak in favor of it can be shown to be ultimately untenable. We start by offering a brief sketch of a theory of fiction that serves as the basis of our considerations and then defend the view that there is no need, theoretical or pragmatic, to postulate a fictional narrator for every fictional narrative.