构建“东北亚人类安全共同体”中的人类安全议题和国际机制探索

韩国朴槿惠总统自从2009年以来提倡"东北亚和平合作构想",并向美中等国家寻求支持。"东北亚和平合作构想"就是以韩国和朝鲜为主,包括美国、中国、日本、俄罗斯和蒙古等亚太国家和非国家行动主体,培养非传统安全或是软性安全热点问题合作。但该构想存在许多问题,如美国是否作为参与国加入,议题是否包含传统安全和制度化水平问题。如果美国加入,那么,东北亚区域固有的人类安全议题的选择混乱或将引起东北亚的认同性危机;议题的最终目标如果是传统安全,那么非传统安全或软性安全的重要性将被削弱;在制度化水平方面,习惯和惯例的制约性和实效性将成为问题。本文提出了作为东北亚区域内国家间的和平合作体,形成针对人类安全议题的"东北亚人类安全共同体"的方案,研究人类安全理论和国际机制并验证了其合理性。由此,确认了仅限于东北亚国家之间的人类安全范围内形成共同体的合理性。

The Investigation into the Human Security Agendas and International Regime for the Northeast Asia Human Security Community

The ＂ Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperation Initiative,＂ which has been promoted by the Park Geun-hye administration since 2009, is intended to develop the customs and practices of cooperation among many countries, including the United States, China, Japan, Russia, and Mongolia, on non-traditional security or soft security issues in order to expand this cooperation to traditional or hard security matters. This Initiative, however, has many problems, such as whether to include the United States, whether to include traditional security issues in its agenda, and how to determine the appropriate level of institutionalization as an international regime. Including the United States in the membership could result in a Northeast Asian identity crisis centered on the disorder of choosing human security issues inherent to the Northeast Asianregion. Premising traditional security issues as the ultimate agenda could result in the lessened importance of non-traditional security or soft security areas, and at the institutional level, the controllability and effectiveness of customs and practices may become problematic. So author suggests creating a Northeast Asia human security community with hmited membership of Northeast Asian countries and an agenda that focuses on human security, as an alternative to that of a peace and cooperation regime among Northeast Asian countries. The author studied the feasibility of this suggestion by analyzing human security theories and international regime theories. In doing so, the author proved the validity of creating a community with hmited Northeast Asian membership and an agenda focused on human security.