论刑事被害人国家补偿制度的基本理论和主体

近年来，我国犯罪数量逐年递增，受司法能力和犯罪分子个人经济状况制约，每年有相当规模的刑事被害人难以从犯罪分子手中取得基本的赔偿。通过对从国外引入一系舛相关学说的批判，并结合社会契约理论，提出了有限国家责任说。刑事被害人国家补偿的理论体系应以有限国家责任说和社会保险说为主要理论构件。以社会福利说为辅。并对刑事被害人国家补偿作了内部区分。通过对刑事被害人国家补偿的补偿主体进行探讨，进而提出了补偿慷慨原则。

On Basic Theory and Subject of State Compensation for Criminal Victim

In recent years, the number of crimes in China increases annually. On the constraint of criminal＇s personal economic situation and judicial capacity, a considerable number of criminal victims hardly have access to basic compensation. Introduced from abroad a series of relevant theories, in conjunction with the social contract theory, a limited state responsibility theory come into establishment. Criminal victim compensation theoretical system should be based on limited state responsibility and social insurance theory , supplemented by social welfare theory. Through the exploration on the subject of 1 criminal victims compensation, we presents a generous compensation principle.