未成年人审前羁押决定的客观化建构——以社会危险性量化评估结果为判断基础

受制于实用主义导向,我国审前羁押程序设计中侦查权一家独大,逮捕等羁押手段出现了功能性的异化倾向。在这一背景下,虽然通过相关立法改革,以及未成年人检察部门的成立,为在检察阶段建立未成年犯罪人的分流转处程序创造了条件,但建构未成年人羁押必要性审查模式或者"检察中心主义",彻底贯彻"未成年人特殊论"这一基本原则,仍有待于羁押必要性评估机制与相关配套措施的完善。就未成年人的审前羁押必要性评估机制而言,应围绕"未成年人社会危险性"这一关键要素的量化分析模式展开,在摸索评估客观化、程序化建构的同时,为解决社会危险性认定标准存在的"可操作性问题"积累经验。

The Objective Construction of Juveniles' Pretrial Detention

Under the guidance of pragmatism, the investigation power is dominant in the procedural design of pretrial detention in China, and there is a functional alienation tendency in detention means such as arrest. In this context, although relevant legislative reforms and the establishment of juvenile procuratorial departments have created conditions for the establishment of diversion and transfer procedures for juvenile offenders in the procuratorial stage, we should build a review model of the necessity of juvenile detention or "procuratorial center" and thoroughly implement the basic principle of "juvenile particularity", It still needs to be improved and matched, including the evaluation mechanism of detention necessity and the socialization support mechanism. As for the evaluation mechanism of the necessity of minors’ pretrial detention, we should focus on the quantitative analysis model of the key element of "minors’ social danger", explore the objective and procedural construction of the evaluation, and accumulate experience to solve the "operability problems" existing in the identification standard of social danger.