域外毒品鉴定错案成因分析与防范借鉴

近年来,域外毒品鉴定错案高发,深刻暴露出毒品鉴定管理的内源性问题,值得我国相关领域工作人员借鉴。本文首先概述了毒品鉴定的特点;其次,根据近年来美国、加拿大、英国等地出现的典型毒品鉴定错案,对相关成因做系统梳理,为提升毒品鉴定管理质量、降低毒品鉴定错案的负面影响提供参考依据。本文将鉴定错案分为"错误"和"失误"两大类,并提出了通过提升实验室内部管理、加强实验室外部监督以及落实鉴定意见的质证认证等环节,预防毒品鉴定错案的系统方法。对于防范毒物毒品错案的发生具有重要的参照意义。

Research on the causes of mistakes in forensic drug analysis and its prevention mechanism

In recent years,the number of wrongful cases in drug analysis has increased remarkably in overseas countries,which has deeply exposed the internal problems of its management.It is worthwhile for practitioners in this field in China to learn from.First of all,technical characteristics of forensic drug analysis were summarized.Secondly,typical wrongful cases in the field of forensic drug analysis in the United States,Canada and Britain were studied thoroughly,and the causes were concluded systematically as well,which will be helpful to the improvement of quality control of forensic drug analysis and the reduction of negative impact on wrongful cases.Based on whether there was subjective intention,cases were divided into two groups,including erroneous cases and wrongful cases.The authors proposed a systematic method to avoid such mistakes,including improvement of internal management,strengthening external supervision of the laboratory,as well as the implement of cross examination on forensic science reports.This paper will provide significant reference for preventing the occurrence of mistakes in the field of forensic toxicology.