基于聚集机理显现潜指纹发光材料的研究进展

由于潜指纹具有独一无二、终生不变的特点,且包含了人体丰富的化学信息(如内源性物质、外源性物质),故常被称之为个体“信息银行”。指纹的检测已不仅在法医鉴定、个体识别方面起着重要作用,同时还广泛的应用于日常生活中的安全检验和访问控制等领域。尽管DNA分析对个体识别方面,得到了极大的发展,但对潜指纹的显现和分析,仍然是公安技术人员获得个人可靠信息的主要来源。在过去的几十年里,研究人员朝着无损、快速、简易和高效的实现对潜指纹显现的目标出发,开发了许多新的技术和新的材料,也在一定程度上解决了传统潜指纹显现材料对人体伤害较大(如粉尘污染、光学伤害等)的问题,但潜指纹显现在灵敏度及无损检测方面仍然面临着较大的挑战。通过对近年来指纹显现材料与潜指纹的相关成分在溶液中通过疏水-疏水作用、静电作用或抗体-抗原相互作用等,在指纹的嵴上聚集后显现潜指纹的角度出发,对该类潜指纹显现材料的设计和研究进展进行了系统性综述。

Research Progress in Constructing of the Materials for the Latent Fingerprint Imaging Based on Aggregation Mechanism

Owing to the latent fingerprints(LFPs)are unique and never change all his life(或者是throughout one's life),and they have abundant chemical information(such as endogenous and exogenous constituents),the latent fingerprints(LFPs)can serve as“information banks”of people.Therefore,it is not only valuable for the forensic identification and the individual recognition,but also is widely used in the safety inspection and access control in daily life.Although the remarkable development in DNA analysis of individual identification,the LFPs also remains one of the priority approaches available for obtaining reliable information for the public security technicians.Over the past decades,researchers are continually aiming to develop many novel methods and materials that are non-invasive,fast,simple and effective for the fingerprint visualization.And,to a certain extent,these novel methods or materials have also solved the drawback of the traditional materials which are harmful to human body when used to recognize the LFPs(e.g.the dust pollution and the photo toxicity).However,it is still a challenge to visualize the LFPs with high sensitivity and non-invasive.Therefore,in this review,we summarized the recent developments in designing the novel materials through the hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction,electrostatic interaction and antibody-antigen interaction,and was aggregated at the ridge of the LFPs in objects.