论议会调查权的配置与限定

调查权是议会监督职能的重要方式,议会监督职能强化的一个重要方面就是议会调查权的扩张,监督“监督权”应成为宪政研究不可忽视的问题。从宪政原理及各国议会立法文本分析,议会调查权力配置及规范应遵循民主制衡、法治原则、分权原则、人权原则以及比例原则。具体包括：调查权应受到议会民主控制;调查成员组成应体现议会民意基础,多数党成员应占优势;调查权限应由宪法或立法明文设定;调查权应保持充分克制,体现谦抑性原则。调查权配置及限制也与各国（地区）的政治制度、文化传统密切相关,必须结合这些因素理性客观对待。

On the Parliamentary Investigative Power and Its Limits

Investigative power is a substantial part of parliamentary oversight functions, from the investigation of national constitution and relevant rules of procedure we found that circumscription of parliamentary investigative power is ill-defined, and also the expansion of investigative powers may cause abuse of power and eventually go out of control. So it is indispensable that the circuscription and restriction should be enacted. The collocation and restriction of investigative power ought to obey democratic checks and balances, the rule of law, the principle of separation of powers, human rights principles and the principle of proportionality. The whole process of the investigative power to run should subject to parliamentary democracy in process control according to institution design requirement. The composition of the investigative members should embody the democratic basis.