WTO体系中的双边主义路径评析

世界贸易的自由化,一直存在着多边主义和双边主义路径的争论。WTO作为全球最大和最重要的国际贸易组织,一直以来被认为是典型的多边性合作机制。但作为国际合作的高级形式,WTO体系仍然保留了双边主义合作的特性。区域性贸易协定、互惠性原则、相互认可制度以及争端解决机制等制度都充分说明了在推进全球贸易自由化的进程中,作为多边主义合作组织的WTO并不排斥双边主义的路径,甚至在一定程度上对双边主义存在着强烈的路径依赖。因此,就目前陷于僵局的多边贸易谈判而言,问题的关键不在于多边主义和双边主义的相互替代或位序选择,而在于如何促进二者在WTO体系内外的协调与统一。

On Bilateralism in the WTO

In the process of liberalization of world trade,the dispute over bilateralism and multilateralism has never been settled. Being the biggest and the most important international trade organization,the WTO is normally deemed a typical multilateral cooperative mechanism. However,as a senior international cooperative form,it still has the features of bilateralism. RTAs,reciprocal principle,mutual recognition,DSB,etc.,prove that the WTO does not exclude but even to a certain extent heavily relies on bilateralism...