理想与现实结合西倾与东向并举——坦桑尼亚外交特色与绩效评析

自1985年尼雷尔总统卸任后,坦桑尼亚新一代领导人审时度势,对坦桑尼亚外交政策做出较大调整,努力在国际主义理想和务实外交之间寻求合适的平衡点。坦桑尼亚一方面本着国际主义和人道主义关怀,呼吁建立公正合理的国际秩序,促进地区一体化,积极调解周边地区的国际冲突,接纳和善待从周边国家涌入的难民,树立了一个负责任的国家形象;另一方面,避免在一些具体的国际问题上作高调反应,更加务实地展开经济外交,西倾与东向并举,争取国际社会的政治和财政支持。坦桑尼亚外交成效卓著,成功地树立起良好的国际形象,赢得了国际社会的广泛肯定和赞许,源源不断地得到来自东西方捐助国和国际金融组织的援助资金和投资。

Hold Proper Balance between Internationalist Thought and Practical Diplomacy——An analysis on characteristics and performance of Tanzanian diplomacy

After the founding father President Nyerere retired in 1985, the new generation of Tanzanian leadership made important adjustment in foreign policy according to changing international situation, trying to hold a proper balance between internationalist thought and practical diplomacy. With internationalism and humanism, Tanzania appealed to fair international order, promoted integration of Eastern African countries as well as union of African continent, interceded conflict in neighboring countries, and generously admitted refugees from abroad, which shaped Tanzania a peacemaker and responsible image. On the other hand, Tanzania avoided high-sounding reaction to some international affairs, carried out economic diplomacy practically, and inclined to the West and stressed Asia simultaneously, to gain political and financial support from international community. Tanzanian diplomacy achieved distinguished success.