奥运会运动员肖像使用规则评析

在市场经济条件下,人格权与财产权的紧密结合凸显了肖像权的商业化利益所具有的商业价值。国际奥委会从对运动员肖像及其使用的控制和对运动员肖像载体的控制等层面制定规则以控制运动员肖像权的行使。在中国法律框架下,对参与北京2008年奥运会的运动员的肖像权给予完善的保护,不但要从运动员肖像权的合理使用、运动员的集体肖像权、运动员肖像载体的著作权保护等三个层面分析国际奥委会相关规则的利弊并加以完善,还有必要探求对运动员人格权补充保护的有益模式。

Review of the Olympic Rules on Using the Images of Olympic Athletes

Since the Los Angeles Olympic Games held in 1984 began to adopt the marketing operation model,the extent of commercialization of modern Olympic Games increasingly deepens.Under the background of the market economy,the tight combination of the personal right and property right makes the commercial value of the portrait prominent.The International Olympic Committee(IOC)enacts the rules on controlling the usage of athletes' portraits and physical media of the portraits.Among the aforesaid rules,a few principles have discrepancy with the legal spirit of laws on the personal rights.Under the framework of Chinese legal system,in order to perfectly protect the portrait right of the athletes who will participate in the 2008 Olympic Games,it is essential to analyze three issues,i.e.,the fair use of the athletes' portraits,the collective portraits of the athletes and the copyright protection of the physical media of the portraits for modifying the aforesaid rules made by IOC.Moreover,it is necessary to probe into the beneficial pattern of which copyright law plays a complementary role to protect the athletes' portraits.