检察院提起公益诉讼面临的困境和推进方向

检察机关提起公益诉讼在我国正在如火如荼地开展,并取得了初步的成效,特别是在生态环境与资源保护以及食品药品安全领域。但由于案件来源受到制约、可诉案件的种类范畴过窄、检察院的调查取证权和调查核实权缺乏明确的法律授权、诉讼中举证责任的分担规则不甚明确、公益诉讼被告不配合或阻挠以及诉讼费用如何分担等问题的存在,司法实践操作中还存在诸多困惑和困难。因此,如何推进检察院的公益诉讼是当前和今后一段时间内检察院面临的一个重要任务,需要理论界和司法实务部门共同探讨对策,尽快完善立法并颁布相应的司法解释,为检察机关公益诉讼的顺利开展提供立法和司法保障。

Difficulties of Public Interest Litigation Launched by Procuratorates and Improvement Direction

The public interest litigation(PIL)launched by the procuratorates is vigorously growing in China,and has achieved initial effectiveness,especially in the areas of ecology,environment,natural resources,and food and drug safety.Nevertheless,a lot of perplexities and difficulties exist in judicial practice,due to the following factors,such as the restrictions on the sources of such cases,the narrow categories of litigable controversies,the procuratorates’lack of legal authorization for conducting investigation and verification,the vagueness of the rules of the distribution of the burden of proof in the litigation,the non-cooperation or resistance from the defendant,and the issue of how to allocate the costs of the lawsuit,etc.Thus,how to improve the public interest litigation brought by procuratorates is and will be an urgent task confronted by the agencies in future.It needs the co-effort by the academia and judicial practitioners to probe the countermeasures.It also needs to perfect the related legislations and enact judicial interpretations,so as to provide legislative and judicial guarantee for the smooth conduction of the procuratorates’public interest litigation.