小额诉讼程序适用的改进逻辑

小额诉讼程序的适用比例至今偏低,致使程序的建构意图没能得到实现。从程序运行者、程序利用者和程序运行之监督者的视角剖析成因,有助于探寻到小额诉讼程序依法适用的促进策略。简案若不能有效识别,小额诉讼程序的强制适用将失去起码保障,未来识别简案当采取智能识别为主、人工识别为辅的方式。消解适用合意的稀缺性,可使小额诉讼程序的实际适用率因为合意适用条件的放宽而得到提高,获得适用合意的方法包括事先约定、法院引导达成和事后自行达成。为规制法人或非法人组织对小额诉讼程序的过多利用,援引诚实信用原则对其进行费用制裁更为现实可行。推动小额诉讼程序实现独立、提高首次送达成功率以减少程序转化和重视审级监督的驱动,是促进小额诉讼程序依法适用的重要策略。

The Improvement Logic of the Applicationof Small Claims Procedure

The application proportion of small claims procedure has been low so far, rendering that the construction intention of the procedure has not been realized. Analyzing the cause of formation from the perspective of the operator, the user and the supervisor of the procedure is helpful to find out the promotion strategies for the application of small claims procedure in accordance with the law. If the simple cases cannot be identified effectively, the mandatory application of small claims procedure will lose the minimum guarantee. In the future, the simple cases can be identified mainly by intelligence and supplemented by manual identification. By eliminating the scarcity of the application agreement, the actual application rate of small claims procedure can be improved due to the relaxation of the application conditions of the agreement. The ways of obtaining the application of agreement include prior agreement, court-guided agreement and voluntary agreement afterwards. In order to regulate the excessive use of small claims procedure by legal persons or unincorporated organizations, it is more practical and feasible to impose cost sanctions on them by invoking the principle of good faith. To promote the application of small claims procedure in accordance with the law, promoting the independence of small claims procedure, improving the success rate of the first delivery to reduce the transformation of procedure and attaching importance to the drive of supervision at the trial level are important strategies.