“后死之悲”与“年命之嗟”——钱钟书旧体诗二题

现代中国学人之所以逐渐做到了“学术的自觉和自律”,其直接原因有二:其一即传统儒者的政治主体在历史摧折中已不堪负重,因而在他们身上早期就潜伏的出世之想,迅速地成为现实中最重要的生命需要;其二则是由于社会生产方式和分配体制在现代中国的巨大转型,不仅彻底扫荡了古代隐士们可以暂避风头的一切山中林泉,而且同时也直接摧毁了旧日世家残存的故居旧巢。如果说在学术研究中钱氏的“后死之悲”与“年命之嗟”相对不易明见,那么在作为其“学之别体”的旧体诗作中,这些思想情感则以直抒胸臆的方式构成了他诗篇中最鲜明的特征。

Lamenting on the Late Death and a Painful Life--Two old-style poems of Qian Zhongshu

There are two direct reasons why modern Chinese scholars come to academic consciousness and self-discipline: firstly,political subjects of traditional Confucianists have suffered enough due to historical setbacks so the latent idea of renouncing the world becomes the most important requirement of life in the reality;secondly,due to the great change of means of production and system of distribution in modern China,all places for ancient hermits to retreat are destroyed and so are their former homes.Although Qian's lamenting on the late death and a painful life cannot be easily discerned in his academic study,it forms the most distinct characteristics of his poetry in his old-style poems since he expressed it so directly.