论行政功能保留———以德国核能规制为论域

核能规制给行政法带来了重大挑战,行政合法性、行政规则的效力和司法审查的立场都需要予以重新诠释.行政功能保留体现了德国核能规制的权力配置模式,具体表现为开放的法律结构、行政规则的规范具体化效力和司法机关对判断余地的承认.其理论基础包括功能法正当原则、核能法任务履行和实现目的方面的特殊性以及行政权在核能规制中的功能优势.我国需要构建立法推动的核能规制权力模式,在确定基本预防要求的同时坚持开放的法律结构,提升行政规则的正当性,通过法律明晰基本的司法审查标准,避免简单地照搬判断余地理论.

A Research on Administrative Function Reservation——Taking German Nuclear Regulation as An Example

Nuclear regulation brings great challenges to administrative law. The administrative legality, effectiveness of administrative rules and judicial review standard need to be reinterpreted. Administrative function reservation is the mode of power configuration in German nuclear regulation and embodies the open law struc- ture, the specific effectiveness of administrative rules and the leeway of the administrative judgment. It is based on the principle of the legitimate function, the particularity of nuclear regulation and the superiority of adminis- trative power compared to legislative power and judicial power. China needs to build legislation to promote nu- clear regulation mode, and to adhere to open law structure with basic prevention requirements, promote the le- gitimacy of administrative rules, and establish the basic standards of judicial review through law to avoid coping the theory of the leeway of the administrative judgment.