试析涉外文化财产所有权争议中的法律适用问题

文化财产是人类精神文明的产物,也是社会物质文明的载体。随着文化财产市场化进程的深入,其跨国流转现象愈发频繁。无论是通过正常合法途径交易,还是被非法移转至别国买卖,都可能出现文化财产的所有权争议。由于各国实体法中有关善意取得制度的规定不同,在解决争议时就需要进行法律选择,如何确定支配文化财产归属的准据法便成为关键的国际私法问题。“物之所在地法”、“原属国法”以及“最密切联系原则”是各国实践中常用的指引准据法的依据,通过对它们进行利弊分析,能够总结出一些国际经验,为我国立法完善提供参考。

The Applicable Law Issues of the Cultural Property Ownership Disputes Involving Foreign Elements

Cultural property is not only a product of the human spiritual civilization, but also the carrier of the social material civilization. With the development of the cultural property market, the transnational flow of cul tural property is increasingly frequent. Legal or illegal transactions are all likely to lead to cultural property ownership disputes. Because different countries have different ＂good faith systems＂, the determination of appli cable law of cultural property ownership becomes the key problem in solving disputes. The ＂lex loci rei sitae＂, the ＂lex originis＂ and the ＂most significant relationship principle＂ are commonly used rules in the practice. Undoubtedly, these international experiences provide useful references for the relevant legislation in our coun try.