鉴定机构性质辨析

司法鉴定的社会化加剧了鉴定机构经济利益与社会公信力之间的矛盾,引发了人们对鉴定机构性质定位的思考与讨论。鉴定机构究竟应定位为商业服务机构,还是公益性的服务机构,成为争论的焦点。笔者从分析司法鉴定机构的四个属性入手,提出鉴定机构应当具有独立性、中立性、服务性和公益性。鉴定机构公益性的理论和实践依据包括:鉴定活动的本质决定了鉴定机构应当具有一定的公益性;司法鉴定的专业性决定了其无法完全实现市场化;司法鉴定全面市场化将产生一系列不良后果。基于对鉴定机构性质的这一认识,我们应当加强司法鉴定管理,对特殊专业领域的鉴定机构进行扶持,并应尽快明确鉴定机构的收费标准。

The Nature of Appraisal Institutions

The socialization of appraiser has worsened the conflict between appraiser's financial interest and public trust, and aroused the ponderation and discussion on the nature of appraisal institutions. The focus of controversy is on whether the appraiser should be a business entity or a nonprofit entity. The author holds that the appraiser should be an independent, neutral and nonprofit service. The grounds on which the appraiser should be nonprofit include: the nature of appraisal decides the nonprofit feature of appraiser; the specialty of appraisal make it impossible to become a complete market entity ; socialization will lead to many negative consequences. For these reasons, we should strengthen the managements of appraisal, support those appraisers in certain specialty, and clarify the fee schedule.