论市民社会与继承制度的走向

市民社会的成长决定了继承制度的演进。本文旨在透过市民社会的历史变迁及其与政治国家的互动关系,发现现代继承制度为影印市民社会与政治国家的格局所应考虑的问题。文章第一部分,从继承的目的、继承的客体、继承的主体以及继承当事人的意愿等四个方面,分析了古代市民社会的不成熟性;第二部分,分别从古代社会家(族)内部和家(族)之间寻找市民社会的生长点,揭示继承制度随着市民社会的发展成熟而演进的过程;第三部分,从与第一部分相对应的四个方面,分析市民社会与政治国家的并立与互动关系,提出我国继承制度中存在的一些问题和现代继承制度的走向。

On Interaction between Civil Society and Inheritance Law

The evolution of civil society determines the development of inheritance law. This article aims at discovering the problems of inheritance law in modern society in the context of positive interaction of civil society and political nation. Part I analyzes the immaturity of ancient civil society, from the aspects of aim of succession, objective of succession, subjective of succession as well as wishes of parties in succession. Part II finds out the opportunities of the development of civil society both from inside family (clan) and between families (clans), and explores the progress of inheritance law accompanying with the maturation of civil society. Part III expounds the coexistence and interaction of civil society and political nation in correspondence with the four aspects in Part I, and puts forward some problems of Chinese inheritance law and the tendency of modern inheritance law.