论诠释学意义上的原旨主义——反思惠廷顿《宪法解释》中的认识论困境

原旨主义强调宪法的原初意图对宪法解释来说具有优先和主导的地位。原旨主义首先是一种解释理论,它的目的就是使解释与制宪者的原初意图相一致,这反映了一种真理符合论意义上的方法论的哲学解释学;于是在历史诠释学理论的参照下,原旨主义就发生了认识论的危机,它的理论诉求在认识上也是不可能的。宪法解释更多的是作为读者的法官在进行意义的重新解释与建构,法官受当下问题意识的指引而在原有的文义中置入政治道德的考量,以完成解释传统与当下意义的视域融合。

Originalism as Hermeneutics: Reflections on the Epistemological Dilemma of Whittington’s Constitutional Interpretation

The originalism emphasizes that the original intention takes a preferential and leading role in the constitutional interpretation.Above all,originalism is a theory of interpretation,and its aim is to make the interpretation consistent with the original intention of the Constitution’s framers.This manifests a kind of methodological philosophical theory of interpretation in the sense of correspondence theory of truth.So according to the theory of historical hermeneutics,the originalism comes to a epistemological crises that its theoretical appeal is impossible in the epistemology.The constitutional interpretation had better be thought of construction of the meaning by the judges as reader,and by incorporating in the original meaning considerations of political morality,they come to reach the fusion of horizons between the past and current meaning.