环境损害赔偿立法框架和内容的思考

环境损害赔偿立法的必要性由现实社会关系调整的必要性和现行相关立法的不适应性所决定。我国环境损害赔偿立法宜采取实体和程序一体、行政处理与司法处理一体的立法模式,并着重规定环境纠纷处理和环境损害赔偿方面所涉及的一些特殊问题。立法框架和内容主要包括环境损害赔偿的适用条件、环境损害赔偿的范围、环境损害赔偿责任的认定、环境损害赔偿纠纷的行政处理、环境损害赔偿的司法处理等部分。环境损害赔偿立法的难点在于环境行政主管机关处理决定的法律效力问题以及因果关系推定的准确表述问题。

On Framework and Content of Legislation on Compensation for Environmental Damages

The necessity of the legislation on compensation for environmental damages determines from current relevant legislation inadaptability and realistic necessity of adjusting social relationships.It is appropriate for the legislation on compensation for environmental damages in our country to adopt the legislative mode about the integrative entity of procedural law and substantive law and of administrative and judicial management.At the same time,much attention should be paid to stipulating some special involved legislative problems of environmental disputes settlement and compensation for environmental damages.The legislative framework and content include the following seven chapters: general rules, applicable conditions of compensation for environmental damages,scope of compensation for environmental damages,cognizance of liability on compensation for environmental damages,administrative settlement of compensation for environmental damages,judicial settlement of compensation for environmental damages and supplementary articles.It is the legislative difficulty to define the legal effect of executive decision of the environmental administrative authority department and to accurately state the causality presumption.