The salience of racial identity among African-American and white students |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Sociology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;2. Department of Social Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC 28301-4298, USA;3. Department of Sociology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, McElhaney Hall, Room 102, 441 North Walk, Indiana, PA 15705, USA;1. Department of Motion Science, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Seidelstrasse 20, 07749 Jena, Germany;2. Department of Neurology/Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, HoheWarte 8, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany;1. School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Germany;2. University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychological Methods, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA;2. Stanford University School of Medicine, USA;3. Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, USA;4. Department of Sociology, Stanford University, USA;5. Stanford University, Center for Primary Care Outcomes Research, USA;1. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;2. Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;3. UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;4. Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study examines the salience of racial identity among white and black students at four American universities. Utilizing the Twenty Statements Test [Kuhn, M. H., & McPartland, T. S. (1954). An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. American Sociological Review, 19, 68–76], we measure racial identity salience among students at three predominantly white northeastern universities and one historically black southern university. As predicted, we found that racial identity salience for white students at the predominantly white universities (PWUs) was significantly lower than racial identity salience among black students in these university settings. Contrary to our expectations, racial identity salience among white students at the historically black university (HBCU) was lower than racial identity salience exhibited among black students at this university, and white students at the HBCU were not more likely to exhibit racial identity saliency than white students at the PWUs. These findings indicate that the “transparency phenomenon,” transcends context in that whites are generally far less likely to think of themselves in racial terms than are people of color. Thus, racial transparency among whites appears to supercede context. Racial salience is much higher among African-American students at the PWUs than at the HBCU; this finding suggests the importance of context for African-Americans. However, fully one-third of African-American students at the HBCU listed race on the TST, suggesting the transcendent power of a racialized identity in a dominantly white society. |
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