关于法的要素的理论界说

关于法的要素．西方法哲学界主要有四种代表性观点。第一种是奥斯丁的“法律命令说”，认为法律就是“主权者的命令”；第二种是哈特的“法律规则说”，认为法律是第一性规则和第二性规则的结合；第三种是德沃金的“规则——原则——政策说”，认为法的要素不仅包括规则，还包括原则和政策；第四种是庞德的“律令——技术——理想说”，认为法律是由律令、技术和理想三个要素构成的，其中的“律令成分”又是由规则、原则、概念和标准组成的复杂体系。不同的学说理论代表了不同的学术立场。并具有不同的学术价值，其中蕴涵了许多值得我们重视的内容。

Definition of Elements of Law

As to elements of law, western circles of philosophy and law have four representative views. The first is Austin's Legal Order Theory, which considers law as sovereign command. The second is Hart's Rule of Law Theory, which holds law is the combination of major and secondary rules. The third is Dworkin's Rule-Principle-Policy Theory, which thinks that elements of law include not only the rules, but also the principles and policies. The fourth is Pound's Laws and Decrees -Technology-Ideal Theory, which regar...