借鉴与重塑:我国农地利用权利体系构建的基本思路和框架

我国现行的农地利用制度主要是土地承包经营权制度。将土地承包经营权界定为用益物权是导致当前农地征用征收过程中农民利益严重丧失的一大重要原因。我国农地利用制度的设计基础与大多数大陆法系国家不同。大多数大陆法系国家土地物权制度设计是建立在土地私有制基础上的,而我国实行的是土地公有制,这一基础制度目前是不可动摇的。因而我们应在借鉴英美法系国家地产权制度的基础上重构我国的农地利用制度。农地持有权作为一种独立的权利形态,应该替代土地承包经营权成为我们的现实选择。

Reference and Remodeling:the Basic Thinking and Framework of Constructing Our Country''''s Right System of Employing Agricultural Land

The system of running land based on contract constitutes our country's present main system of employing agricultural land.Defining the right of running land based on contract as the right of benefit from employing land is one of the important reasons that result in farmers' serious loss of benefits in levying their agricultural land at present.Our country's design foundation for the system of employing agricultural land differs from that of most continental law countries.The system design of land property right in most continental law countries is based on private land system while our country adopts public land system which cannot be changed at present.Therefore,we should reconstruct our country' s system of employing agricultural land on the basis of learning from the right system of land property of English-American law countries.As an independent right morphology,the right of holding agricultural land should be our choice for substituting for the right of running land based on contract.