国学考据学的证据法研究及展望——从一重证据法到四重证据法

本文论述人类学对传统的国学方法之开拓与更新：文学人类学和历史人类学作为现代以来的人文研究新范式。在方法论上与国学考据学相对接，经历了从20世纪初期的二重证据说，到90年代的三重证据说，人类学视野与方法的介入给国学带来的格局变化；再到21世纪初的四重证据说．描述跨学科潮流影响之下的文化整合认知范式出现及其意义，侧重在古史研究方面，梳理出从信古、疑古、释古到立体释古的四阶段发展演变轨迹。对立体释古范式的现阶段应用实践及其前景，结合人类学中新兴的物质文化研究和新史学发展潮流，作出学术评估与展望。

A Methodological Criticism of Evidences Law in Chinese Academic Tradition and its Prospect-From the Method of One Way Evidence to the Method of Four Ways Evidences

This paper discusses the anthropology of the traditional methods to develop and update Guoxue （traditional Chinese academic study）： literary anthropology and historical anthropology as the new paradigm of contemporary humanity research. Its methodological hook-up with the textology of traditional Chinese Learning de- veloped from the bi-way evidence of the early 20th century to the triple evidence in the 1990s, in which the new anthropological visions and methodology played a restructuring part, and then to quadruple way evidence in the 21st century that describes the emergence and significance of the cognitive paradigm of cultural integration trend under the influence of multi-disciplinary trend, with a focus on research of ancient Chinese history, trimming out the four stage evolution, i.e., trust in, suspicion of, interpretation for and multi-dimensional interpretation of, an- cient scholarship. This author tries to give out an academic assessment and prediction, by combining the emerging material cultural research in anthropology and the latest trend in new historical research, the current practice and prospect of the paradigm of the multi-dimensional interpretation of ancient scholarship.