战后日本国家战略演进及岸田内阁战略走向

二战后日本不得不放弃武力扩张的国家战略,但伴随形势变化,日本不同当政者的治国方略则不相同。围绕是维护宪法、优先发展经济、重视国际协调,还是修改宪法、增强军事力量、成为政治军事大国等,存在两种不同国家战略倾向。其背后则是两种不同的历史观。战后,日本在《日本国宪法》下走和平发展道路,经济、科技取得令世界瞩目的成就,但外交则受制于美国而缺乏自主性。日本成为经济大国后,开始借助美国,努力成为亚洲领导国家和联合国常任理事国,而非所谓摆脱美国的"正常国家"。21世纪以来,安倍晋三的国家战略目标是对内推动修宪,使日本成为"能战国家";对外构筑"自由开放的印太",制衡中国。菅义伟内阁继承了安倍的国家战略。岸田文雄执政后在延续同一国家战略的同时,会展现何种特色,值得关注。

The Evolution of Japan's National Strategy after the Second World War and the Strategic Trend of the Kishida Cabinet

After World War II,Japan had to abandon its national strategy of military expansion. However,as the situation changed,the strategies of governing the country of different political parties in Japan were different. There are two different national strategic tendencies around maintaining the constitution,giving priority to economic development,attaching importance to international coordination,or amending the constitution,increasing military power,and becoming a political and military power. There are two different historical views behind this. After the war,Japan followed the path of peaceful development under the "Constitution of Japan",and achieved world-renowned development in economy and technology,but its diplomacy was restricted by the United States and lacked autonomy. After Japan becoming an economic power,it began to use the United States to strive to become a leading Asian country and a permanent member of the United Nations,rather than a so-called "normal country" free from the United States.Since the 21 st century,Shinzo Abe’s national strategic goal is to promote constitutional amendments internally so that Japan will become a "country capable of war";externally,build a "free and open Indo-Pacific" to counterbalance China. The cabinet of Yoshihide Suga inherited Abe’s national strategy. The characteristic of the national strategy of Fumio Kishida is worthy of attention.