关于中国人类学学科体系与地位问题

人类学引进中国已近百年 ,尤其是近 2 0年在我国有了很大发展。传统的人类学包含体质人类学、文化人类学、考古学和语言学。近来又有了应用人类学。根据我国实际 ,人类学应包含体质人类学、文化人类学和应用人类学。人类学是一门独立学科 ,目前在我国将其置于社会学之下并不合理 ,应予提升。在明确人类学作为一级学科的同时 ,应处理好它与作为一级学科民族学的关系 ,即明确其所含的文化人类学即民族学中的狭义民族学。

The Disciplinary System and Position of Anthropology in China

It has been nearly a hundred years since anthropology was introduced into China. The last two decades has seen a flourishing of the subject in the country. Traditionally, anthropology includes such subjects as physical anthropology, cultural anthropology, archeology and linguistics. A recent addition is applied anthropology. In China, anthropology should cover physical anthropology, cultural anthropology and applied anthropology. Anthropology is an independent subject, but in China, it is positioned lower than sociology. This does not make any sense. It should be upgraded to the position of a first class subject. As such it should be distinguished from ethnology, which is already a first-class subject and which, in a narrow sense, is cultural anthropology.