论民事证据排除程序的结构

证据排除程序的结构,是指排除程序中各方主体之间的法律地位和法律关系。本文以证据排除程序是否独立于证明力评价程序及本案诉讼程序为线索,对两大法系证据排除程序的具体阶段构造进行了考察。按照当事人权利与法院权力的关系,可以将证据排除程序的横向结构分为行政程序结构、非讼结构与诉讼结构。这三种结构的正当性依次增强而效率性依次减弱,需要根据具体情况进行设置。

On the Structure of Exclusionary Procedure in Civil Evidence Law.

This article made a research into the concrete stages of the judging procedure in both common law system and civil law system.In common law system,benefited from the bicameral system of judge and trier,the principle of concentration,the adversarial system and the judging mode centralized on trial,the inadmissible evidence is excluded in the pretrial stage.Being different from the advance-exclusion,the judging procedure in civil law system commonly concentrates on the stage of trial,thus is incorporated into the judging procedure for weight of evidence.The effectiveness of after-exclusion ought to be guaranteed by abandonment of evidence-challenging,publicity of free evaluation of trier,and appeal.According to the position of the parties＇s right and judge＇s power in the judging procedure,the mode of judging procedure can ben classified into three categories：the mode of administrative decision,the mode of noncontentious proceeding,and the mode of litigation proceeding.The justness of the three modes is weakened in turn and the efficiency of the three modes is advanced on the contrary.The modes ought to be configured according to the concrete situations.