泰国北部的云南穆斯林--秦和人

“秦和人”一词 ,是泰语对历史上形成并生活在泰国北部清迈、清莱一带祖籍云南的回汉两族侨胞的统称 ,19世纪后 ,被当时旅居东南亚地区的西方殖民官员、探险家和传教士按泰语北部方言拼写成Cin -Ho/Chin -Ho ,或简称为Ho/Haw/Hor,大量进入其日记、札记、信函和旅行报告中。但由于云南回族马帮商人前往泰北的时间最早 ,商贸活动最频繁 ,移居时间最早 ,所占人数最多 ,因此西方文献和今天泰语中惯称的所谓“秦和人” ,又主要专指云南籍回族穆斯林。清迈府县城乡共有 9个秦和穆斯林区 ,阿拉伯语和汉语是他们的主要语言 ,清迈府城的王和街浓缩了云南籍的秦和人移居泰国北部的历史 ,现已成为以云南籍回族穆斯林为主的秦和人在今日泰国社会存在的一种文化象征。

Cin-Ho--Yunnan Moslems in Northern Thailand

The term "Cin Ho" is used to refer to the Chinese and Moslem immigrants from Yunnan who live in the northern part of Thailand, especially in such provinces as Chiangmai and Chiangrai. The term was derived from Northern Thai dialect and was first used in the 19th century by European colonists, adventurers and missionaries in their diaries, records, letters and reports, with spellings varying from Cin Ho to Chin Ho, or Ho, Haw and Hor for short. Since Moslem caravan traders from Yunnan were the earliest immigrants to settle in Northern Thailand and since they were most active in trade and most numerous in number, the word Cin Ho as used in western literature and in modern Thai refer exclusively to them. In the province of Chiangmai alone there are 9 Cin Ho communities, where Arabic and Chinese are spoken. Ban Ho community in the city of Chiangmai is a living record of Yunnan Moslems' immigration as well as a symbol of the presence of Cin Ho as an exotic race in Thai society.