政策类型理论的批判及其中国经验研究

洛伊提出的政策类型理论以＂政策特征决定政治过程＂的假设为基础,从公共权力运用的两个维度构建出四分的政策分类框架。这一政策类型理论一经提出即引起学术界广泛关注,同时也激发了诸多学者的质疑和批判,以及针对质疑和批判进行的辩护和发展。一些开拓性研究表明,该理论对于透视和分析中国背景下的公共政策过程同样具有深邃的理论洞察力。循着＂政策类型视角下政策过程＂的思路,可以发展出关于中国公共政策规划与决策、执行与评估等不同阶段的经验性假设,以逐渐积累关于中国政策过程的知识和认知,并发展出本土化的政策过程理论。

Policy Types Theory Criticism and Its Chinese Experience Research

Based on the assumption that the attributes of the policy determine the attributes of the political process that makes that policy,Theodore J.Lowi’s policy typology theory constructs a policy taxonomy from two dimensions of the using of the power.This theory brings extensive concerns in academic circles.Once it was published,this theory brought a wide range of attention in the field of policy science,and arose many scholars’ challenging,criticism,defense and development against the criticism.Some pioneering research indicated that this theory also has the theoretical insight for seeing through and analyzing Chinese policy process.Following the idea of "policy process from the approach of policy types",some hypothesis can be developed about Chinese policy formulation,legitimacy,implementation and evaluation.Then the knowledge and the cognition about Chinese policy process can be accumulated gradually,the localized policy process theory will be constructed finally.