吸毒者头发中海洛因、6-单乙酰吗啡、吗啡、可待因和乙酰可待因的分析及评价

目的确定海洛因吸毒者头发中海洛因、6-单乙酰吗啡（6-MAM）、吗啡（MOR）、可待因（COD）和乙酰可待因（AC）的浓度并考察其与国际毛发分析协会（Society of Hair Testing,SOHT）建议标准的适用性。方法 50个头发样品经冷冻研磨处理后采用液相色谱-串联质谱方法分析。结果所有样品中均检出6-MAM,并且浓度高于SOHT所建议的0.2 ng/mg,其中海洛因、6-MAM、MOR、COD和AC的浓度与其它研究报道无明显差异。头发中6-MAM：MOR的比率在0.15~36.27范围。结论由于各实验室间毛发样品前处理方法不同,而且存在吸食毒品中成分、剂量、吸食方式、代谢、头发颜色等诸多个体差异,本研究认为采用头发中6-MAM：MOR的比率大于1.3标准难以应用于鉴定海洛因吸毒。

Investigation of heroin, 6-acetylmorphine,morphine, codeine, and acetylcodeinein hair from heroin abusers

Objective To investigate the concentrations of heroin, 6-acetylmorphine （6-MAM）, morphine （MOR）, codeine（COD）, and acetylcodeine （AC） in hair specimens from heroin addicts and to investigate whether the findings supported theSociety of Hair Testing （SOHT）＇s recommendation. Method Fifty hair specimens from heroin addicts were tested using liquidchromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） with freezer mill pulverization. Results 6-MAM was positive in allspecimens at the revised SOHT cutoff level of 0.2 ng/mg. The concentrations of heroin, 6-MAM, MOR, COD, and AC in thisstudy did not differ significantly from those reported previously. The 6-MAM：MOR ratio in hair ranged from 0.15 to 36.27.Conclusion Considering the differences in sample preparation and the interindividual differences in components, dosage,metabolism, hair pigmentation, drug consumption habits, etc., the 6-MAM：MOR ratio did not support the proposal that a ra-tio of over 1.3 is needed to document heroin abuse.