社会治理中的技术、权力与组织变迁——以浙江为例

社会治理历史变迁的宏观结构研究往往难以确切澄清观察的对象和层次,且在重视权力等关键参数的同时较少关注历史故事中那些未占据主导地位的因素。从技术-权力分析出发,以典型组织模式的两次重要转型为切入点对新中国成立70年来浙江基层社会治理的历史研究可见:改革开放前后从枫桥经验到网格化管理、组团式服务的转型,不仅表明了国家管控向着社会管理的跃迁,也意味着以权力结构的调整为组织技术核心的革新不断拓展空间。这种权力对技术的解制在新世纪以来特别是党的十八届三中全会以来又转向技术对权力的赋能,在平台驱动的全科网格中推动了权力结构的矩阵化、扁平化,提升了政社合作的水平,呈现了地方行动者如何在特殊历史场域中突破理念和资源的限制,不断创造治理变革的可能性。当然,为进一步改善对历史的理论研究并为推进社会治理的实践提供价值,审慎爬梳史实,将宏观结构分析与中微观分析相结合,完善对不同阶段社会治理的组织属性的认知,就成为必不可少的选择。

Technology,Power and Organizational Change in Social Governance:A Case Study of Zhejiang

It is often difficult to clarify the objects and levels of observations in the macro structural study of historical changes in social governance,and with focus on key parameters such as power,it pays less attention to those factors that do not occupy the dominant position in historical stories. With the framework of technology-power and the two important transformations of the typical organizational model as the starting point,a historical study of Zhejiang’s community-level social governance in the 70 years since the founding of New China finds that the transformation from the Fengqiao Experience to Grid Management and Group Services not only indicates the transition from national control to social management,but also means that the adjustment of power structure promotes the innovation of organizational core technology. In the new century,in particular,since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee,this dissolution of technology by power has turned to the empowerment to power by technology,which promotes the matrix and flatness of the power structure with the platform-driven grid,improves the cooperation between government and society and shows how local actors break through the limits of ideas and resources in special historical fields and continuously create the possibility of governance change. Therefore,in order to further improve the theoretical research of history and provide value for social governance practice,it is essential to prudently review historical facts,combine macro-structure analysis with meso-micro analysis,and improve the understanding of the organizational attributes of social governance at different stages.