主体多元、权力交织与乡村适应性治理

多主体的共同在场使村治空间中交织着行政权力、村庄治权、经济权力和道德权威四种主要的权力类型。不同的权力来源决定了它们之间的异质性和各自有限的作用范围。从适应性治理的角度来看,过于规整的行政权力在乡村治理中欠缺及时的回应能力,而精英个人的经济权力和道德权威又兼具实用性和风险性。相比之下,灵活的村庄治权最具治理优势,但其自身正在内外因素的制约下不断弱化。为此,应从政策引领和机制监督两方面来促成有效的乡村多元治理,减少基层行政干预、强化村庄治权、规范私人权力并鼓励精英回归。

Multi-agents,Intertwined Power and Rural Adaptive Governance

The co-presence of multi-agents makes the village governance intertwined with four main types of power:administrative power,self-governance power,economic power,and moral authority.Different sources of power determine their heterogeneity and limitations.From the perspective of adaptive governance,overly regular administrative power lacks timely response to rural governance,while the economic power and moral authority of elite individuals are both practical and risky.Flexible self-governance power has its own advantages,but it is constantly weakening under the constraints of internal and external factors.To this end,we should promote effective pluralistic governance in rural areas with policies and supervisions,reduce administrative intervention,strengthen village governance,regulate private power,and encourage the return of elites.