日本象征天皇制中天皇、政府与国民关系探究

2019年日本明仁天皇退位,平成时代落下帷幕。围绕明仁天皇退位问题,天皇本人、安倍政府和日本国民均面临不同困境,政府表面上尊重天皇和民意,实际上不得不在天皇、保守势力和民意之间做出妥协;国民尊重天皇但又回避讨论象征天皇制问题;明仁天皇强调尊重战后宪法和皇室传统,同时又不断做出有违背宪法和皇室传统嫌疑的行为。各方重视的都是所谓的"民意",却有意回避了日本国民支持的是天皇个人还是象征天皇制这个根本问题。民意应该被尊重,但不应该被有选择地利用。象征天皇制作为战前日本国体的延续,不仅关系到象征天皇制的未来,也关系到日本的未来,是天皇、政府和全体国民三方都必须正视的问题。

Exploring the Relation Between the Emperor,the Government and the People in Japan's Symbol Emperor System

Emperor Akihito's abdication in 2019,which marked the end of the Heisei era,has been a complicated issue for Emperor Akihito himself,the Abe administration and Japanese people.In appearance,the government prioritizes the Emperor's wish and public opinion but had to make a concession and mediate between the Emperor,the conservative party and the public opinion.Public opinions are in favor of the Emperor,but tend to avoid an discussion on the issue of the symbol emperor system.Emperor Akihito,who respected the post-war constitution and royal tradition,is suspected of breaching the constitution and royal tradition.While much importance has been attached to“public opinion”by all sides,there has been a lack of due attention to the fundamental question-Is the public supportive of the Emperor himself,or the symbol emperor system?Public opinions should be respected,but not to be used selectively.As the continuation of pre-war Japan's system of government,the symbol emperor system matters not only to the past but to the future of Japan,and therefore is a problem that should be addressed properly by the Emperor,the government,and the public.