论国际投资仲裁正当性危机

当前,国际投资仲裁裁决不一致、国际投资仲裁程序损害东道国主权的现象时有发生,使得人们对国际投资仲裁的正当性产生了质疑。造成国际投资仲裁裁决不一致的主要原因在于BIT特定条款规定较模糊、国际投资仲裁实践仍不够丰富。造成国际投资仲裁裁决损害东道国主权的主要原因在于缔约国签订了高度自由的BIT,让渡了过多的主权。各缔约国签订BIT时可尝试就一些重要条款的含义与适用标准做出更明确的规定,并用好＂四大安全阀＂,维护自身主权免受不合理的侵犯。同时国际投资仲裁制度也应通过增强透明度、设立合并仲裁等方式弥补程序本身的不足。

The Legitimacy Crisis in Investment Treaty Arbitration

At present,many international investment arbitration awards seem to be inconsistent from each other;international investment arbitration proceedings harm the sovereignty of the host country from time to time.People come to question the legitimacy of international investment arbitration.The main reason for the inconsistency is that some specific terms in BIT is vague and international investment arbitration is still in its infancy.International investment arbitration awards causing damage on the sovereignty of the host country is mainly because that the host country has transferred too much sovereignty in signing BIT.When signing BIT,each state party may try to define clearly the meaning and application standards of some important terms and make good use of the ＂four valves＂ to safeguard its own sovereignty against unreasonable infringement.At the same time,the shortcomings of international investment arbitration system should be made up for by different means such as enhancing the transparency and introducing the consolidated arbitration process.