宪法·宪政·法治·宪法关系——兼与杨海坤、朱进先生商榷

宪法之于宪政以及宪法、宪政、宪法关系间之交互关系,是近年来中国宪法学界广为关注和讨论的问题。宪法为何物,宪政系何义?宪法学界的探讨和认识在不断深化。宪法是民主国家之政治根本组织大法,是法制体系中的最高法与“先行之法”;宪政是民主政治的宪法范式化、是宪法规范下实践中的民主政治运作模式;宪法关系是宪政主体之间依一定的宪法事实,依宪法规定而发生的宪法上的权利、义务关系——亦即宪政权利(含“权力”)与宪政义务关系:“法治”系由宪法、宪政派生而来,其基本价值与实证精神系由“宪法关系”实践之所彰显和承载。

Constitution, Constitutionalism, Rule of Law and the Relationship between Constitutions——Deliberate with Mr. Yang Hai-kun and Mr. Zhu Jin

The mutual relations between constitution,constitutional,the relationship between constitutions are the issues concerned and discussed extensively in Chinese constitutional studies in recent years.The meanings of constitution and constitutionalism have been deepened continuously in Chinese constitutional studies.Constitution is a basic organizational law in democratic countries,which has a supreme legal power as the highest law in legal system.Constitutionalism is paradigm of constitution in democratic politics,is the operating mode of democratic politics practise under the specification of constitution.Relationship between constitutions is the relationship between rights and duties granted by constitution according to some constitutional fact.Rule by law derives from constitution and constitutionalism,and its basic value and the demonstrational spirit are showed in the practise of relationship between constitutions.