表观遗传学在法医学应用探讨

表观遗传学指没有DNA序列变化的、可遗传的基因表达改变。主要包括DNA甲基化、X染色体剂量补偿、组蛋白修饰、基因组印记、表观基因组学和人类表观基因组计划等方面的内容。在法医实际检案中常遇到一些特殊问题,如妊娠期胎儿父权的认定,单亲鉴定中亲代必需等位基因的确定,同卵双生子的区分,微量组织来源的鉴定等。本文对表观遗传学的基本内容和在法医学中的应用进行综述,以期为相关研究及实践提供参考。

Discussion and application of epigenetics markers in forensic medicine

Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without a change in DNA sequences,including the DNA methylation,dosage compensation of X chromosome,histone modification,genornic imprinting,epigenomics and Human Epigenomic Project.In forensic practice cases,there are some special problems arisen,such as the paternity testing for fetus in a gestation period,the determination of necessary allele in duo paternity testing,the discrimination of identical twins,the origination analysis ...