明代地方学校生员考试制度考述

学校生员学业，可分课、试二法。本从学校教官的日课、月考，府、州、县提调官的季考，提学院道官的岁考、科考、类考或吊考等几个方面，对明代地方学校的考试制度给以综合的考辨与梳理，藉此说明明代建立了一套相当完善的地方教育与考试制度，进而指出自明代个期以后，这套考试制度已逐渐流于形式。

The Examination System of Local School in Ming Dynasty

Students'school performance can be evaluated through two means, namely, homework and examination. This paper, intending to demonstrate that a rather sound system of local education and examination had been established in the Ming Dynasty, makes a comprehensive investigation and summary of the examination system of local schools in the Ming Dynasty from the following aspects: the daily homework and the monthly examination given by school teachers;the quarterly examination administered by the governors of prefectures, states and counties;and the yearly examination administered by the Minister of the Dynasty. Then it goes further to point out that this set of examination system had become somewhat externalism after mid-Ming Dynasty.