“多源流框架”对中国政策过程的解释力——以江浙跨行政区水污染防治合作的政策过程为例

"多源流框架"作为西方公共政策过程分析中应用较为广泛的工具,对我国公共政策过程分析的解释力如何?通过跨行政区水污染矛盾比较突出、水污染防治合作具代表性的江浙边界为例,选取1993-2005年间较为典型的13次水污染事件,采用"多源流框架"为理论工具对事件的规律性进行归类梳理,分析江浙两省在跨行政区水污染防治合作中的政策过程.主要观点是:"多源流框架"在解释江浙边界跨行政区水污染防治合作的政策演变过程中具有一定适用性:"政策之窗"的打开,是问题、政策、政治三源流共同出现的结果;"政策之窗"未形成,是由于三源流中某一条或两条源流的缺失.同时,该理论在解释我国政策演变过程中,其解释力具有一定局限性:三源流并非彼此独立,各源流的出现存在一定先后顺序.因此,在使用"多源流框架"分析我国政策过程时,必须与政治体制、管理体制等特点相结合,才能更科学地分析我国公共管理过程中的政策问题.

The Applicability of "the Multiple-Stream Framework" to Policy Process in China——Taking Policy Process of Water Pollution Management and Cooperation Between Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Proving as Examples

Whether "the Multiple-Streams Framework" is an applicable theory to analyze the policy process in China or not? To answer this question, the paper takes Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province facing the severe cross-provinces water pollution issue since 1990s as examples, selects 13 typical incidents happened in the two provinces, and analyzes the evolvement of the policy process of management and cooperation in cross-provinces water issue by classifying the regularity of 13 incidents based on the theory of "the Multiple-Streams Framework". Furthermore, this paper argues that "the Multiple-Streams Framework" has certain applicability, to some extent, when analyzing the evolvement of the policy process of management and cooperation in cross-provinces water issue, because Problem Stream, Politics Stream and Policy Stream's concurrence leads to the openness of "Policy Window". However, there are still some limitations in explaining public administration in China-not only are three streams not separated to each other, but also they will appear in a certain order. Based on the argument, the writer attempts to construct a comprehensive framework combining "the Multiple-Streams Framework" with characteristics of political and adiministrative system in China, and analyzes the policy process of Political and Administratine issues more scientifically.