论辩方对有利于被告人证据的阅卷权

2012年《刑事诉讼法》关于辩方阅卷范围的规定引发了关于控方是否有义务将其掌握的全部证据,尤其是有利于被告人证据提交给辩方问题的讨论。鉴于控方在证据获取中的绝对优势地位,从维持控辩平等、实现有效辩护、维系检察官客观义务、探求实体真实的角度出发,由辩方掌握全面阅卷权有其理论正当性,而不同法系国家中辩方从控方获取有利于被告人信息的比较法考察也印证了这一判断,目前关键在于如何通过制度设计保障辩方这一阅卷权的实现,其他国家的制度设计可以给我们一些启示。

On the Defense g Right of Reading the Evidence in Favor of the Defendant

The rules about the defense＇s scope of reading case record in the Criminal Procedure Law in 2012 initiate a debate over whether the prosecution has the obligation to disclose all the evidence of its own, especially the evidence in favor of the defendant. Seeing that the absolute superiority of the prosecution in obtaining evi- dence, in the angle of sustaining the equality of the prosecution and the defense, achieving effective defense, pre- serving the objective obligation of the prosecution and pursuing the substantive truth, giving the right of reading all the case record to the defense has theoretical justification. Otherwise, the investigation about the defense gaining the evidence in favor of the defendant from the prosecution in countries of different genealogy of law confirms the judgment. For the moment, the key lies in how to guarantee fulfilling of the defenseg right of reading case records by the way of designing the system and other countriesj systems can inspirit us