英国对精神打击的法律救济及其改革进展

精神打击是指自然人因精神上遭受严重打击或者持久刺激而导致的,独立于身体权、健康权等权利损害的且非一般可容忍的可辨别性损害。英国对精神打击所致损害的法律救济经历了复杂演变过程,在此过程中一系列规则得以创立。英国法律委员会对精神打击救济问题也做出了一系列的努力,最终形成了一个改革方案,但是这个方案却没有得以通过。精神打击法律救济中实际上关系到受害人权益救济和行为自由保护的冲突与协调这一侵权法中的基本矛盾。在协调二者的关系时必须通过一系列制度设计找到利益平衡的支点。探寻精神打击的法律救济条件和限制机制应该是理论研究和司法实践解决的重要问题。

Legal remedies against nervous shock in England and the reform and progress

Nervous shock is an identifiable and not tolerable damage of a natural person suffered after a serious blow or a lasting stimulation, which independent of the body right, the health right and other rights. The legal remedies against nervous shock in England have experienced a complexed process of evolution; a series of rules had been eatablished in this process. Law Commission has paid a lot of efforts, and formed a reform program ultimately, but the program was rejected. The legal remedies against nervous shock related to the basic contradiction between rights relief of victims and the freedom of action. It is important to find the fulcrum of interest balance during the course of coordinating their relation. Finding the requirements and limiting mechanism are the important question of theoretical research and judicial practice.