质性研究中的叙述套路:访谈的陷阱与拓展

本文延续“作为方法的故事社会学”分析框架,从一个变性人访谈案例入手,把访谈作为实践,将卷入其中的隐形角色与力量进一步搬至台前,明确地从方法学角度提出“叙述套路”的概念,并围绕其探讨如下问题:我们应如何认识与界定定性研究中常见的“叙述套路”?访谈中的常见套路有哪些?套路有何问题?如何破解套路?在具体分析性/别类访谈案例中的“归因逻辑”与“悲惨叙事”的基础上,提出重视生活经验复杂性的积极批判思维的重要性以及实践这种思维的可能方法路径。最后,更为扩展地指出,在当下中国的社会情境与学术语境中,对于“叙述套路”的认识与挑战之于访谈、方法学、包括性别议题在内的社会科学研究乃至日常生活的意义。

The Tricky Narrative in Qualitative Research:Insights from an Interview on Trans-sexual

Based on an interview with Miss Wen,who changed sex from male to female recently,the paper aims to follow up“The sociology of story-telling”methodological framework and analyze the social roles and forces involved in interviews,and more broadly research practices.I will specifically focus on“the tricky narrative”and address the following questions in order to further conceptualize it:How to define and recognize“the tricky narrative”?What are the tricks that shape certain narratives under current social-political contexts?What's the problem of such tricks and how to challenge them accordingly?Two types of tricks and routine story-telling appear often will be discussed in detail:the causal logic and the tragic narrative.The paper then proposes a positive critical perspective that pay attention to the complex living experience and social realities,and a few possible concrete methods to better understanding and challenging such narrative tricks.It concludes with the meanings of such methodological analysis to the quality of study as well as to our everyday lives.