化解过剩产能中的劳动关系风险形成机制与治理研究

去产能过程中企业与劳动者之间将发生密集的劳动关系调整,并可能产生劳资矛盾。针对74家企业1657份员工调查问卷的分析发现,去产能企业群体性劳资冲突风险总体可控,但仍有可能发生。年龄偏大、学历较低、缺乏技能和手艺的职工和非正式工通常采取激烈维权方式,发生劳动关系风险的概率较高。在评估去产能企业劳动关系风险水平的基础上,研究从外部环境、政府行为、企业应对三个角度提出了劳动关系风险发生的诱发性因素和抑制性因素,并提出了治理化解过剩产能中劳动关系风险的相关建议。

A Study of the Formation Mechanism and Governance of Labor Relations Risks in Resolving Excess Capacity

In the process of removing production capacity, there is intensive adjustment of labor relations between enterprises and workers, and labor contradictions may arise. This study, based on the analysis of 1657 employees'' questionnaire survey across 74 enterprises, shows that the risk of mass labor conflicts in de-overcapacity enterprises can be controlled as a whole, but it is still possible for those elder, less-educated, and lack-of-skill employed workers and contract-based workers as well take drastic measures to safeguard their rights, which results in a higher labor relations risk. On the basis of evaluating the risk level of labor relations in de-overcapacity enterprises, this paper puts forward the inducing factors and inhibitory factors of labor relations risks from the three angles of external environment, government behaviors and enterprise responses, and proposes some relevant suggestions for resolving the risks of labor relations in the excess capacity.