Morphine concentrations in autopsy material from fatal cases after intake of morphine and/or heroin |
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| Authors: | A Steentoft K Worm H Christensen |
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| Institution: | 1. Institutes of Chemistry, Departments of Analytical Chemistry, L. Eötvös University, 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, Hungary;2. Institutes of Chemistry,Departments of Inorganic Chemistry, L. Eötvös University, 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, Hungary;3. Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary;4. National Institute of Forensic Toxicology, 1146, Varannó utca 2-4, Budapest, Hungary;1. X-Pertise Consulting, 84, route de Saverne, 67205 Oberhausbergen, France;2. Institut de médecine légale, 11, rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France;3. Laboratoire Toxlab, 7, rue Jacques-Cartier, 75018 Paris, France;1. Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China;2. Wan Ji Psychiatric Hospital, Wuhan, 430051, China;1. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;2. Department of Anesthesiology and Director, UM-JMH Center for Patient Safety, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy;2. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTiP-IGTP) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;4. Centro Regionale Antidoping, Orbassano, TO, Italy;5. Energy Control, Associació Benestar i Desenvolupament, 08012 Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | This paper presents 245 fatal cases due to morphine and/or heroin over an 8-year period from East Denmark. All but 13 of the cases were from narcotics addicts. In 40% of the cases, only morphine was detected; in 32%, morphine and ethanol; in 19%, morphine and other drugs; and in 9%, morphine, ethanol and other drugs. Morphine concentrations in blood and liver for these four groups, and the age and sex distribution are shown. Morphine levels in blood and liver were also compared for: cases with a short survival time after the injection of morphine and/or heroin; cases from non-addicts; and cases where the drug used was obviously not the cause of death. The blood values in these groups were compared with blood concentrations found in living persons. Concentrations of morphine in stomach contents after intravenous injection of morphine and/or heroin are shown to be of the same level as in blood and liver. Ten fatal morphine cases are presented in which no morphine was detected in the urine after hydrolysis of the urine. |
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